The correlation between histopathological factors and host-tumor response with tumor budding in oral cancer
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59294/HIUJS.29.2024.605Keywords:
tumor budding, oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), tumor-host relationshipAbstract
Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common oral malignancy. Evaluating and identifying new factors related to the response of the host and the tumor can lead to a better prognostic assessment compared to the sole evaluation of the morphological characteristics of tumor cells. Recent studies have emphasized tumor budding as a promising factor in the prognostic evaluation of oral cancer. Objectives: This study aims to investigate and evaluate the correlation between tumor budding and clinical features as well as histopathological factors according to Anneroth's grading system (1987) in the development of oral cancer. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 176 cases with squamous cell carcinoma, treated at Ho Chi Minh Oncology Hospital in 2016 and 2017. Results: According to Anneroth's classification, among the 176 cases of OSCC, 89 cases (50.6%) were classified as high differentiation (grade 1), 82 cases (46.6%) as moderate differentiation (grade 2), and only 5 cases (2.8%) as poor differentiation (grade 3). The results regarding the degree of tumor budding among the 176 cases were as follows: degree 1: 106 cases (60.2%); degree 2: 57 cases (32.4%); degree 3: 13 cases (7.4%). There was a statistically significant correlation between tumor malignancy grade and the degree of tumor budding in oral cancer (p < 0.05). There was a significant correlation between the degree of tumor budding and the degree of keratinization, nuclear atypia, invasion pattern, and invasion depth (p < 0.05). However, there was no correlation between the extent of inflammatory cell infiltration and the degree of tumor budding (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The study reveals a significant correlation between tumor budding and tumor malignancy grade, degree of keratinization, nuclear atypia, invasion pattern, and invasion depth. As the tumor malignancy grade increases, the corresponding degree of tumor budding in oral cancer also increases.
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