Quantification total phenolic content and antioxidant effect of Codonopsis javanica (Blume) Hook. F extract
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59294/HIUJS2025088Keywords:
Codonopsis javanica, antioxidant, DPPH, MDAAbstract
Introduction: Codonopsis javanica (Blume) Hook. F, commonly known as Dang sam, is a valuable medicinal herb that contains various bioactive compounds, such as flavonoids and saponins. Objectives: This study aims to compare the effectiveness of two extraction methods (soaking and reflux) on the content of phenolics, flavonoids, saponins, and the antioxidant activity of the root extract of Dang Sam. Subjects and methods: The roots of Dang Sam were collected in Kon Tum Province. The phenolic content was determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu colorimetric method. Antioxidant activity was assessed using the DPPH free radical scavenging method and the measurement of malondialdehyde (MDA) for lipid peroxidation. Results: The total phenolic content in the extract using the soaking method (D1) was 11.94 ± 0.20 mg GAE/g, while in the reflux method (D2), it was 15.96 ± 0.26 mg GAE/g. The saponin content in extracts D1 and D2 was 2.35% ± 0.09 and 0.85% ± 0.10, respectively. The D1 extract exhibited stronger antioxidant activity compared to D2 (IC50 = 254.61 µg/mL). Conclusion: The reflux extraction method (D2) yielded a higher phenolic content than the soaking method (D1). Conversely, the total saponin content in extract D1 was significantly higher than that in D2, indicating that the soaking method may be more suitable for extracting saponins from Codonopsis javanica roots. Both extracts demonstrated antioxidant activity, although it was weaker than that of the control substance.
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