Characteristics of the frontal sinus drainage pathway and its related factors
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59294/HIUJS.33.2025.733Keywords:
frontal sinusitis, frontal sinus drainage, frontal recess cellsAbstract
Background: Frontal sinusitis is a potentially devastating infection with a tendency for intracranial spread. Several factors have been previously discussed regarding the pathophysiologic process of frontal sinusitis. Kuhn classified a number of cells that can lead to obstruction of the frontal recess and cause frontal sinusitis. Evaluation frontal sinus drainage characteristics are necessary to help surgeons perform precise operations and limit complications during surgery. Objective: To survey of frontal sinus drainage characteristics and the relationship with frontal sinusitis. Methods: Design: Cross-sectional, retrospective and prospective study. This study was carried out at Thong Nhat Dong Nai hospital from 01/2022 to 09/2024. Patients were analyzed by history and had a CT scan of the nose and sinuses. 64 patients met the inclusion criteria and age 17. Results: The mean age in the study was (47.5 ± 14.3), the prevalence of males and females was 57.8% and 42.2%, respectively. The prevalence of frontal recess cells was ANC (95.3%), SAC (31.3%), SAFC 16.4%), SBC (72%), SBFC (88.3%), SOEC (31.3%), and FSC (15.6%), respectively. The prevalence of the superior attachment of the uncinate process was lamina papyracea (57.8%), middle turbinate (25%), the roof of the ethmoid (17.2%), respectively. Conclusions: There is a statistically significant relation between presence of frontal sinusitis and frontal sinus outflow tract medial to the superior attachment on the uncinate process.
References
[1] F. A. Kuhn, "Chronic frontal sinusitis: The endoscopic frontal recess approach," Operative Techniques in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 222-229, 1996/09/01/ 1996.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1043-1810(96)80037-6[2] R. Landsberg and M. Friedman, "A computer-assisted anatomical study of the nasofrontal region," (in eng), Laryngoscope, vol. 111, no. 12, pp. 2125-30, Dec 2001.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/00005537-200112000-00008[3] S. Turgut, I. Ercan, I. Sayin, and M. Başak, "The relationship between frontal sinusitis and localization of the frontal sinus outflow tract: A computer-assisted anatomical and clinical study," (in eng), Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, vol. 131, no. 6, pp. 518-22, Jun 2005.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/archotol.131.6.518[4] T. V. Luân, "Phẫu thuật nội soi ngách trán với hệ thống hướng dẫn hình ảnh định vị ba chiều," Luận án tiến sĩ Y học, Đại học Y Dược Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh, 2013.
[5] I. P. Tuli, S. Sengupta,… and S. Chakraborty, "Anatomical variations of uncinate process observed in chronic sinusitis," (in eng), Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, vol. 65, no. 2, pp. 157-61, Apr 2013.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12070-012-0612-8[6] P. J. Wormald et al., "The International Frontal Sinus Anatomy Classification (IFAC) and Classification of the Extent of Endoscopic Frontal Sinus Surgery (EFSS)," (in eng), Int Forum Allergy Rhinol, vol. 6, no. 7, pp. 677-96, Jul 2016.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/alr.21738[7] L. V. Tran, N. H. Ngo and A. J. Psaltis, "A Radiological Study Assessing the Prevalence of Frontal Recess Cells and the Most Common Frontal Sinus Drainage Pathways," (in eng), Am J Rhinol Allergy, vol. 33, no. 3, pp. 323-330, May 2019.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1945892419826228[8] G. Choby, A. Thamboo, T. B. Won,… and P. H. Hwang, "Computed tomography analysis of frontal cell prevalence according to the International Frontal Sinus Anatomy Classification," (in eng), Int Forum Allergy Rhinol, vol. 8, no. 7, pp. 825-830, Jul 2018.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/alr.22105[9] F. Sommer et al., "Incidence of anatomical variations according to the International Frontal Sinus Anatomy Classification (IFAC) and their coincidence with radiological sings of opacification," (in eng), Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol, vol. 276, no. 11, pp. 3139-3146, Nov 2019.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-019-05612-4[10] Y.-G. Min, T.-Y. Koh,… and M.-H. Han, "Clinical Implications of the Uncinate Process in Paranasal Sinusitis: Radiologic Evaluation," American Journal of Rhinology, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 131-136, 1995/05/01 1995.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2500/105065895781873782[11] L. Kansu, "The relationship between superior attachment of the uncinate process of the ethmoid and varying paranasal sinus anatomy: an analysis using computerised tomography," ENT Updates, vol. 9, 08/01 2019.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.32448/entupdates.595449[12] V. K. Nanjundappa, E. Kamala,… and S. Kumari, "A computerized tomographic study of uncinate process of ethmoid bone," International Journal of Anatomy and Research, vol. 3, pp. 917-921, 03/31 2015.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.16965/ijar.2015.114[13] K. A. Kasper, "Nasofrontal connection, a study based upon 100 consecutive cadaver dissections," Arch Otolaryngol, vol. 23, pp. 322-343, 1936.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/archotol.1936.00640040330006[14] H. Gaafar, M. H. Abdel-Monem, and M. K. Qawas, "Frontal Sinus Outflow Tract''Anatomic Study," Acta oto-laryngologica, vol. 121, no. 2, pp. 305-309, 2001.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/000164801300043965[15] D. Lee, R. Brody and G. Har-El, "Frontal sinus outflow anatomy," (in eng), Am J Rhinol, vol. 11, no. 4, pp. 283-5, Jul-Aug 1997.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2500/105065897781446720
